THE ROLE OF PREP IN ENDING THE HIV EPIDEMIC

The Role of PrEP in Ending the HIV Epidemic

This July marks the 10-year anniversary of the first approved PrEP medicine for the prevention of HIV. As we celebrate this historic milestone, it offers us an opportunity to reflect on the progress made over the last decade, as well as to commit ourselves to the work that remains.

Despite having the tools to end the HIV epidemic with medicines to both prevent HIV and provide treatment that allows people living with HIV to be undetectable and unable to transmit the virus, HIV continues to be a global health crisis. In the U.S. alone, an estimated 1.2 million people are living with HIV, and almost 37,000 new HIV diagnoses are made each year.1,2

As we look toward the future, PrEP, or pre-exposure prophylaxis, has a central role to play in helping to reduce new HIV cases and the impact HIV has on millions of lives each year. PrEP is proven to prevent HIV acquisition and is an essential tool to help end the HIV epidemic.

What's HiV "PrEP"?

Since its initial approval as an oral tablet in 2012, PrEP has had a substantial impact on the lives of those who have been able to utilize it. Yet, as of 2019, the U.S. Department of Health & Human Services estimated that less than 25% of people in the US who could benefit from PrEP were taking it5,6

In December 2021, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration approved the first long-acting injectable PrEP option to reduce the risk of sexually acquired HIV-1. Both injectable and oral PrEP substantially reduce the risk of getting HIV from sex when taken as prescribed.7

PrEP Uptake

PrEP uptake is limited for a number of factors, including lack of awareness, inaccurate perceptions of risk, stigma, inaccessibility of healthcare systems, and other barriers to individual and provider acceptance.8  There also is an urgent need to increase PrEP usage among the populations who are most disproportionately affected by HIV.9  For example:

  • Black/African American and Latinx people represent 74% of new HIV cases despite only accounting for 31% of the US population1
  • The transgender community had new diagnoses approximately 20 times the national average in 201910
  • The Southern U.S. accounts for 52% of new cases even though just 38% of the US population lives in the region11
  • In 2018, cisgender women represented 1 in 5 new HIV diagnoses in the US, 58% of which were Black/African American and 18% of which were Latinx12
  • Nearly ten years after PrEP first became available, only 10% of women who could benefit from it were prescribed it, and there is insufficient data to understand how many Black cis and trans women are engaged
  • Providers fail to routinely or effectively discuss HIV with female patients, and women’s stories and experiences are often absent from HIV media storylines, campaigns and clinical testing. Studies show that only 20 to 30% of women are even aware of PrEP13,14

The Importance of PrEP Options

As we embark on a new decade of HIV prevention, it is essential that we acknowledge that one size does not fit all. No single medicine will work for everyone in all circumstances, so it is crucial to ensure that all those who could benefit from PrEP are aware of the options available to meet their evolving needs. This will get us one step closer to fully realizing the potential of PrEP in ending the HIV epidemic.

To learn more about PrEP, speak with a doctor or health care provider, or visit ViiV Healthcare’s Me in You, You In Me, a new campaign to de-stigmatize and normalize conversations around HIV prevention.

References:
  1. HIV.gov. U.S. Statistics – Fast Facts. https://www.hiv.gov/hiv-basics/overview/data-and-trends/statistics. Accessed September 20, 2021
  2. CDC.gov. HIV – Basic Statistics. https://www.cdc.gov/hiv/basics/statistics.html. Accessed September 20, 2021
  3. HIV.gov. Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis. 2021 August. https://www.hiv.gov/hiv-basics/hiv-prevention/using-hiv-medication-to-reduce-risk/pre-exposure-prophylaxis. Accessed December 8, 2021.
  4. Washington Health Institute. What is PrEP and How Does it Work?. 2021 February. https://dc-whi.org/what-is-prep-and-how-does-it-work/.  Accessed December 8, 2021.
  5. HIV.gov. America’s HIV Epidemic Analysis Dashboard. https://ahead.hiv.gov/data/prep-coverage. Accessed June 23, 2022
  6. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Ending the HIV Epidemic in the U.S. (EHE). Prevent. https://www.cdc.gov/endhiv/prevent.html. Accessed October 14, 2021.
  7. ViiV Healthcare, Press Release. ViiV Healthcare Announces US FDA Approval of Apretude (Cabotegravir Extended-Release Injectable Suspension), the First and Only Long-Acting Injectable Option for HIV Prevention. https://viivhealthcare.com/en-us/media-center/news/press-releases/2021/december/viiv-healthcare-announces-fda-approval-of-apretude/ Accessed June 23, 2022.
  8. Oderda G, Biskupiak J, Brixner D. Access restrictions to HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) may lead to unintended consequences. First Report Managed Care. Published 2021. Accessed April 7, 2021. https://www.managedhealthcareconnect.com/articles/access-restrictions-hiv-pre-exposure-prophylaxis-prep-may-leadunintended-consequences
  9. Huang, Ya-Lin A, et al. HIV Preexposure Prophylaxis, by Race and Ethnicity — United States, 2014–2016. https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/67/wr/mm6741a3.htm. Accessed April 19, 2021.
  10. CDC.gov. Issue Brief: HIV and Transgender Communities. https://www.cdc.gov/hiv/policies/data/transgender-issue-brief.html. Accessed July 5, 2022.
  11. CDC.gov. HIV in the Southern United States. 2019 September. https://www.cdc.gov/hiv/pdf/policies/cdc-hiv-in-the-south-issue-brief.pdf. Accessed September 20, 2021
  12. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. HIV and Women. https://www.cdc.gov/hiv/pdf/group/gender/women/cdc-hiv-women.pdf. Published March 2021. Accessed October 2021.
  13. Hirschhorn, L.R., Brown, R.N., Friedman, E.E., et al. “Black Cisgender Women's PrEP Knowledge, Attitudes,Preferences, and Experience in Chicago.” JAIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes, vol. 84, 5, August 2020, 497-507. JAIDS, https://journals.lww.com/jaids/Fulltext/2020/08150/Black_Cisgender_Women_s_PrEP_Knowledge,_Attitudes,.8.aspx
  14. Zhang C., McMahon J., Simmons J., Brown LL., Nash R., Liu Y. “Suboptimal HIV Pre-exposure Prophylaxis Awareness and Willingness to Use Among Women Who Use Drugs in the United States: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.” AIDS Behav. October 2019; 23(10):2641-2653. PubMed, https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31297684/